Radon Risk in New England: Elevated Levels and Geologic Factors

The New England states have a higher prevalence of homes with elevated radon levels than the national average due to granite and other rocks in the region that contain high levels of uranium, which can lead to increased radon concentrations in the surrounding soil, air, and water. 

While radon concentrations outdoors are generally low and not of concern, indoors and in areas with minimal ventilation, such as mines, caves, and water treatment facilities, the levels can be much higher, especially in buildings like homes, schools, and offices, where radon levels can range from 10 to more than 10,000 Bq/m3 (radon is quantified using the unit of measurement called Becquerel (Bq)). There is no known safe level of radon.

Radon is a colorless, odorless, and tasteless gas. It can enter buildings through cracks and openings in the foundation and accumulate to dangerous levels. Radon is a significant health hazard as it is the second leading cause of lung cancer after smoking. Exposure to high radon levels for extended periods can increase the risk of lung cancer.

In Connecticut, about 25% of homes tested have elevated radon levels above the EPA action level of 4.0 picocuries per liter (pCi/L). About 37% of homes tested in Maine have elevated radon levels above the EPA action level; Cumberland County has the highest levels. An estimated 21.8% of Massachusetts homes exceeds the EPA Action level of 4 pCi/L.  About 40% of homes in New Hampshire have elevated radon levels above the action level.  In Rhode Island, about 21% of homes tested have elevated radon levels above the action level. About 21.7% of homes in Vermont have elevated radon levels above the action level. The average percentage of homes in states nationwide is also 21.8%.

It's important to note that even if your home has elevated radon levels, this does not necessarily mean you will develop lung cancer. Radon exposure is a cumulative process, meaning the longer you are exposed to high radon levels, the greater your risk of developing lung cancer. However, other factors such as smoking, family history, and exposure to other lung irritants can also affect your overall risk.

Radon testing is simple and inexpensive, and test kits are widely available. If high levels of radon are detected, there are several steps homeowners can take to mitigate the risk, including sealing cracks in the foundation, improving ventilation, or installing a radon mitigation system.

If you live in New England, having your home tested for radon is especially important. Radon is a serious public health hazard, and taking simple steps to mitigate the risk can help protect you and your family from the harmful effects of radon exposure.